^ Canadian politic newb here. I can answer your question with a link that really helped me.
http://www.thecanadaguide.com/political-parties
Seems like they have a lot more fluctuation in the parties than us. Right now I guess is 3 main parties, but there are other minor parties all over the place. (not unlike America, but they hold more weight in Canada it seems - such as the NDP which lost hard but still had an impact)